Time and Space

Time and Space, 2nd edition by Barry Dainton
2010 | 448 Pages | ISBN: 1844651916 , 1844651908 | PDF | 5 MB

The first edition (2001) quickly established itself on courses on the philosophy of time and space. This fully revised and expanded new edition sees the addition of chapters on Zeno's paradoxes, speculative contemporary developments in physics, and dynamic time, making the second edition, once again, unrivalled in its breadth of coverage. Surveying both historical debates and the ideas of modern physics, Barry Dainton evaluates the central arguments in a clear and unintimidating way and is careful to keep the conceptual issues throughout comprehensible to students with little scientific or mathematical training. The book makes the philosophy of space and time accessible for anyone trying to come to grips with the complexities of this challenging subject. With over 100 original line illustrations and a full glossary of terms, the book has the requirements of students firmly in sight and will continue to serve as an essential textbook for philosophy of time and space courses.

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A Pale Blue Dot

NASA photo showing Earth as a pale blue dot at the left edge of the bright rings.

Saturn eclipsing the Sun as seen by the Cassini space explorer.
Earth is the tiny blue dot just outside of the bright inner rings.
Click on the photo to enlarge it enough to see planet Earth.

Carl Sagan had this to say about another NASA photograph similar to this one:

From this distant vantage point, the Earth might not seem of any particular interest. But for us, it's different. Consider again that dot. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives. The aggregate of our joy and suffering, thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization, every king and peasant, every young couple in love, every mother and father, hopeful child, inventor and explorer, every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician, every "superstar," every "supreme leader," every saint and sinner in the history of our species lived there – on a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam.

The Earth is a very small stage in a vast cosmic arena. Think of the rivers of blood spilled by all those generals and emperors so that in glory and triumph they could become the momentary masters of a fraction of a dot. Think of the endless cruelties visited by the inhabitants of one corner of this pixel on the scarcely distinguishable inhabitants of some other corner. How frequent their misunderstandings, how eager they are to kill one another, how fervent their hatreds. Our posturings, our imagined self-importance, the delusion that we have some privileged position in the universe, are challenged by this point of pale light. Our planet is a lonely speck in the great enveloping cosmic dark. In our obscurity – in all this vastness – there is no hint that help will come from elsewhere to save us from ourselves.

The Earth is the only world known, so far, to harbor life. There is nowhere else, at least in the near future, to which our species could migrate. Visit, yes. Settle, not yet. Like it or not, for the moment, the Earth is where we make our stand. It has been said that astronomy is a humbling and character-building experience. There is perhaps no better demonstration of the folly of human conceits than this distant image of our tiny world. To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly with one another and to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, the only home we've ever known.

from :: A Mindful Heart

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o fascínio

Isluga - Parque Nacional Volcán Isluga - Chile

Milky Way and Altiplano Church by Stephane Guisard

The magnificent Milky Way and bright planet Jupiter shine above Isluga village located in the Volcan Isluga National park on the Chilean Altiplano, at altitude of 4200m above sea level. Its name comes from the nearby Isluga volcano (5550 m). As noted by the photographer “It is mostly a ceremonial village now, being deserted during most of the year. Isluga is well known for its nice little white church built in the 17th century, a typical architecture of Altiplano churches. The church has adobe walls and a tile roof, and the bell tower is separated from the church itself.” Stephane Guisard - Astrosurf.com/sguisard.

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7 000 000 000 000 ... ≈

History of Astronomy

History of Astronomy (66 Books)
English | PDF | E-Books Collection | 754.29 MB
Mostly English; one book in French and one in Spanish 

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STREET ART UTOPIA

Street Art by ICY and SOT in Iran

STREET ART UTOPIA

impressionante

© Jim Richardson

The myterious Moai of Easter Island stand beneath the Milky Way rising from the East. Taken with a Nikon D3 during an National Geographic Around the World by Private Jet trip.
You can see more from this trip at www.jimrichardsonphotography.com

This photo was taken on January 3, 2009 in Isla de Pascua Province, Valparaiso Region, CL.

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HAL 9000

HAL's iconic camera eye - HAL 9000 is the sentient on-board computer of the Discovery One spacecraft in Arthur C. Clarke's fictional Space Odyssey saga. HAL (Heuristically programmed ALgorithmic computer) is an artificial intelligence which interacts with the crew, usually represented only as a red television camera "eye" that can be seen throughout Discovery. He speaks in a soft voice and a conversational manner, in contrast to the ship's crew who speak in a terse way, with little inflection. The voice of HAL 9000 was portrayed by Canadian actor Douglas Rain. HAL became operational on 12 January 1997 (1992 in the film) at the HAL Laboratories in Urbana, Illinois as production number 3. His first instructor was Dr. Chandra (Mr. Langley in the first film). HAL is capable not only of speech, speech recognition, facial recognition, and natural language processing, but also lip reading, art appreciation, interpreting and expressing emotions, reasoning, and playing chess, in addition to maintaining all systems on an interplanetary mission. HAL was ranked No. 13 on a list of greatest film villains of all time on the AFI's 100 Years. 100 Heroes and Villains. In the French-language version of 2001: A Space Odyssey, HAL's name is given as "CARL", for Cerveau Analytique de Recherche et de Liaison ("Analytic Brain for Research and Communication"). The camera plates, however, still read "HAL 9000". In 2001: A Space Odyssey, HAL begins to malfunction in subtle ways, and as a result, the decision is made to shut HAL down in order to prevent more serious malfunctions. The sequence of events and manner in which HAL is shut down differs between the novel and film versions of the story. He is the film's main Antagonist. In the film, astronauts David Bowman and Frank Poole consider disconnecting HAL's cognitive circuits when he appears to be mistaken in reporting the presence of a fault in the spacecraft's communications antenna. They attempt to conceal what they are saying, but are unaware that HAL is capable of lip reading. Faced with the prospect of disconnection, HAL decides to kill the astronauts in order to protect and continue its programmed directives. HAL proceeds to kill Poole while he is repairing the ship. When Bowman goes to rescue Poole, he is locked out of the ship, and HAL proceeds to disconnect the life support systems of the other hibernating crew members, killing them in their sleep. Dave manages to force his way back onto the ship by jumping through space and prying open an emergency airlock, outside of HAL's control. In the novel, the orders to disconnect HAL come from Dave and Frank's superiors on Earth. After Frank is killed while attempting to repair the communications antenna, Dave begins to revive his hibernating crewmates, but is foiled when HAL vents the ship's atmosphere into the vacuum of space, killing the awakening crew members and almost killing Dave. Dave is only narrowly saved when he finds his way to a spacesuit which has its own oxygen supply. In both versions, Bowman then proceeds to shut down the machine. In the film, HAL's central core is depicted as a crawlspace full of brightly lit computer modules mounted in arrays from which they can be inserted or removed. Bowman shuts down HAL by removing modules from service one by one; as he does so, HAL's consciousness degrades. HAL regurgitates material that was programmed into him early in his memory, including announcing the date he became operational as 12 January 1992. When HAL's logic is completely gone, he begins singing the song "Daisy Bell" (this being a reference to the first song played on a computer, the UNIVAC I, was "Daisy Bell"). HAL's final act of any significance is to prematurely play a prerecorded message from Mission Control which reveals the true reasons for the mission to Jupiter, which had been kept secret from the crew and not been intended to be played until the ship entered Jovian orbit.


(tirado da net ou encontrado não sei a'onde...) ...take care, it's a jungle out there ...

El sur

Japan, 1983 Borges in Izumo:
"The visages of divinities are undecipherable kanji."

EL SUR

Desde uno de tus patios haber mirado
las antiguas estrellas,
desde el banco de
la sombra haber mirado
esas luces dispersas
que mi ignorancia no ha aprendido a nombrar
ni a ordenar en contelaciones,
haber sentido el círculo del agua
en el secreto aljibe,
el olor del jazmín y la madreselva,
el silencio del pájaro dormido,
el arco del zanguán, la humedad
–esas cosas, acaso, son el poema.

Jorge Luis Borges

1985 One of the last portraits of the Maestro

Astronomy Magazines

BBC Sky at Night - February 2011
English | PDF | 108 pages | 59.62 MB
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Astronomy Magazine – February 2011
PDF | 74 pages | English | 35.8 MB
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Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series

Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series

Publisher: Springеr 2003-2010 | Collection of 45 ebooks : PDF | 1.06 GB



This series of books is written for serious newcomers to amateur astronomy, for undergraduate students who are studying astronomy - but not as a first subject - and for interested general readers who want to study astronomy in more depth than is provided by the general run of "popular" astronomy book that is found in the general trade bookshops. All the books in the series are as far as possible non- mathematical. They require only a modest background knowledge of science on the part of the reader, but provide material that goes into the various topics in considerable depth and detail. Practical Astronomy thus bridges the gap between the many introductory books and specialised technical publications.



List of books
- Choosing and Using a New CAT Getting the Most from Your Schmidt Cassegrain or Any Catadioptric Telescope.pdf

- Astronomical Sketching A Step-by-Step Introduction.pdf

- CCD Astrophotography High-Quality Imaging from the Suburbs.pdf

- Human Vision and The Night Sky.pdf

- Setting-Up a Small Observatory From Concept to Construction.pdf

- Aurora Observing and Recording Nature's Spectacular Light Show.pdf

- A User's Guide to the Meade LXD55 and LXD75 Telescopes.pdf
- Spectroscopy The Key to the Stars.pdf

- The Complete CD Atlas of the Universe.pdf

- Observing the Sun with Coronado Telescopes.pdf

- Making Beautiful Deep-Sky Images.pdf

- The Night Sky Companion A Yearly Guide to Sky-Watching 2008-2009.pdf
- The Science and Art of Using Telescopes.pdf

- Building a Roll-Off Roof Observatory.pdf

- The Night Sky Companion A Yearly Guide to Sky-Watching 2009.pdf

- Astronomical Cybersketching Observational Drawing with PDAs and Tablet PCs.pdf

- Viewing the Constellations with Binoculars 250 Wonderful Sky Objects to See and Explore.pdf

- Deep-Sky Video Astronomy.pdf
- Make Time for the Stars Fitting Astronomy into Your Busy Life.pdf

- Measure Solar System Objects and Their Movements for Yourself!.pdf

- The 100 Best Astrophotography Targets.pdf

- Starlight An Introduction to Stellar Physics for Amateurs.pdf

- The Rainbow Sky An Exploration of Colors in the Solar System and Beyond.pdf

- 1,001 Celestial Wonders to See Before You Die.pdf
- Choosing and Using a Refracting Telescope.pdf

- Amateur Telescope Making in the Internet Age.pdf
- Go-To Telescopes Under Suburban Skies.pdf

- Hunting and Imaging Comets.pdf

- Lunar and Planetary Webcam User's Guide.pdf

- The Urban Astronomer's Guide A Walking Tour of the Cosmos for City Sky Watchers.pdf

- Binocular Astronomy.pdf
- Pattern Asterisms A New Way to Chart the Stars.pdf

- A Buyer's and User's Guide to Astronomical Telescopes Binoculars.pdf

- Real Astronomy with Small Telescopes Step-by-Step Activities for Discovery.pdf
- Lights in the Sky Identifying and Understanding Astronomical and Meteorological Phenomena.pdf

- Creating and Enhancing Digital Astro Images.pdf

- Observing and Measuring Visual Double Stars.pdf
- Visual Astronomy in the Suburbs A Guide to Spectacular Viewing.pdf

- Care of Astronomical Telescopes and Accessories.pdf
- Digital Astrophotography The State of the Art.pdf

- Astronomy with a Home Computer.pdf

- The Observer's Year 366 Nights in the Universe.pdf
- Astrophysics is Easy! An Introduction for the Amateur Astronomer.pdf

- Visual Astronomy Under Dark Skies A New Approach to Observing Deep Space.pdf
- How to Photograph the Moon and Planets with Your Digital Camera.pdf



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Firefox e a “V838 Mon” pelo telescópio Hubble

"I've seen things you people wouldn't believe. Attack ships on fire off the shoulder of Orion. I watched C-beams glitter in the dark near the Tannhauser gate. All those moments will be lost in time... like tears in rain... Time to die."
Roy Batty (2016-2019) Blade Runner, Philip K. Dick

"Eu vi coisas que as pessoas não iriam acreditar. navios de ataque em chamas fora do ombro de Orion. Eu vi brilhar raios-C no escuro próximo do porta de Tannhäuser. Todos esses momentos se perderão no tempo... como lágrimas na chuva... É hora de morrer.".

"Yo he visto cosas que vosotros no creeríais. Atacar naves en llamas más allá de Orión. He visto Rayos-C brillar en la oscuridad cerca de la Puerta de Tannhäuser. Todos esos momentos se perderán en el tiempo como lágrimas en la lluvia. Es hora de morir."

A imagem da esquerda é uma fotografia "recentemente" captada pelo Hubble Space Telescope da NASA, mostra as espirais de poeira girando em trilhões de kms no espaço interestelar, no centro de uma estrela distante vermelha chamada V838 Monocerotis.

A imagem da direita é o logotipo do navegador Firefox.

Hunting and Imaging Comets

Martin Mobberley, “Hunting and Imaging Comets (Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series)"

Springer | 2010-10-11 | ISBN: 1441969047 | 394 pages | PDF | 19 Mb

For many astronomers, the holy grail of observation is to discover a comet, not least because comets always bear the name of their discoverer! Hunting and Imaging Comets was written for comet hunters and digital imagers who want to discover, rediscover, monitor, and make pictures of comets using astronomical CCD cameras and DSLRs. The old days of the purely visual comet hunter are pretty much over, but this is not to say that amateurs have lost interest in finding comets. The books also covers the discovery of comet fragments in the SOHO image data, CCD monitoring of older comets prone to violent outbursts, the imaging of new NEOs (Near Earth Objects) that have quite often been revealed as comets - not asteroids - by amateur astronomers, and the finding of recent comets impacting Jupiter.

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Sky & Telescope's : Pocket Sky Atlas

| 110 pages | English | 57MB | PDF |

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Teach Yourself VISUALLY Astronomy

From dramatic lunar eclipses to brilliant comets, the night sky fascinates people. Brimming with beautiful color photos, this book walks you through everything you need to know to maximize your enjoyment of astronomy, from choosing a telescope to identifying constellations and planets. Whether you're a student, hobbyist, or lifelong stargazer, you can turn to this book for practical guidance on observing stars, planets, moons, and galaxies; tracking meteors, comets, and eclipses; choosing tools for viewing; and photographing the skies. Helpful star maps, charts, and timetables bring the sky to life!

Richard Talcott
ISBN: 0470343826

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The 100 Best Targets for Astrophotography (2009)

PDF | 363 pages | 16.3 MB

Over 200 years ago, many of the celestial treasures on the following pages were cataloged by Charles Messier and William Hershel using telescopes primitive by today’s standards. These catalogs have formed the basis of most amateur astronomers’ targets for observing. The most famous is Messier’s Catalog of 109 objects. Despite their popularity with visual astronomers, Charles Messier’s choices were neither the brightest nor the most beautiful through the eyepiece. His list was compiled to define objects that might be confused with comets by other comet hunters – in other words, a list of potential mistakes. Entire regions of the sky, which fell outside of the area where comets might be found, were excluded from his list. This may explain how several bright deep sky objects such as the Double Cluster in Perseus were excluded.
In this century, the growth in quality and accessibility of amateur telescopes has driven an explosion of observing lists. The Herschel 400 list, compiled more than 30 years ago by the Ancient City Astronomy Club of Florida, includes objects selected from Herschel’s General Catalog that would “challenge” observers with telescopes 6 in. or larger. In 1995, Patrick Moore published the Caldwell list (his legal last name is Caldwell-Moore) of 109 objects, which includes both bright and dim objects excluded by Messier. His selection includes some small and challenging targets, not just the crowd pleasers. Most recently, in 2007, Stephen O’Meara published a list of 109 “hidden treasures” that seeks to fill in the gap left by the Messier and Caldwell lists. Like the Caldwell list, O’Meara’s list dips deep into the southern hemisphere.
These famous lists are excellent for visual astronomy but can be disappointing for the astrophotographer. For example, a sparse open star cluster sparkles at the eyepiece but can be uninspiring as an image. A small planetary nebula may be striking visually but may be too small to show interesting detail in a photograph. On the other hand, many nebulae that are faint to the eye can have striking texture and hue on long exposures. Spiral galaxies blossom into a rich diversity of shapes and colors.

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